汉译英与短文写作 (四级）(1)
文章出处： 发布时间：2006-07-09
四种方法（新题型预测）
1.选准句型
为了尽量避免汉译英出现多种答案的可能性，即将采用的汉译英新题型可能都会提供相关的英语上下文，有了这种上下文的限制，考生的答题就有可能在规定的范围中进行，换句话说，同学们答题就必须按照要求选准句型。
如：The harder you work,____.(取得的进步就越大)
显然，此题要考查的是the more … the more …的句型，答案应为the greater progress you will make.
2.增减 词汇
①He was thin and hagged and ____.(看上去一副可怜相)
此句应用增词法，增加代词he，答案是he looked miserable.
②As he sat down and began talking,words ____.(滔滔不绝地讲个没完)
此句应用减词法，忽略“滔滔不绝地”这一副词成分，直接用poured out 则可包含这一意思。
3.正反转译
①The first bombs ____.(没有击中目标)
“没有击中”是否定的，翻译时，我们可以用肯定表达，用正译，译为missed the target.
②All the articles are ____(禁止触摸) in the museum.
汉语中的“禁止触摸”是肯定表达，英语若用否定词untouchable则更为合适。
4.适当分合
①He ____.(为人单纯而坦率)
汉语是一句，英文若分为两句表达则更佳，译为was very clean.His mind was open.
② They seemed ____proud of their economic achievements.(这是合乎情理的)
要完成的汉语部分似乎应用一个系表结构的句子来完成，实际上，只需用一个词justifiably就可表达此意，汉语中应用两句表达的意思，在英语中合为一句了。
七、短文写作三要素
1. 无论是什么论点，短文写作一定要切题。
2. 写出正确的句子，简单句与复合句交替使用。
3. 学习使用谚语，为作文增色。
例如：Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
现以2001年6月的作文为例：那一年作文要求三个部分的内容：
①表示对朋友到来的欢迎；②假期安排；③注意事项。
I’m very glad that you will come to see me during the weeklong holiday.We have not seen each other for two years, so this time we can spend the holiday together. How nice will see you!
Since you left Beijing 2 years ago, Beijing has made great changes because of 2008 Olympic. You will be surprised by those changes. I help you to make some arrangements during the holiday. We can go shopping in WangFuJin Department Store, climbing the Mountain Xiang, visiting the Summer Palace and Forbidden Cities in Beijing. Beijing has many good places we can visit. I think we will have a very good time together.
By the way, you should telephone me when you come to Beijing, I will meet you in
the railway station. I’m looking forward to your coming.
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