Passage 5
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized（分散的）nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.

21. Which of the following best characterized the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital?
Ａ）The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse
Ｂ）Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night
Ｃ）The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient
Ｄ）The primary nurse keeps records of the patient’s health conditions every day.
22. It can inferred from the passage that________
Ａ）compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient
Ｂ）in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional point of view
Ｃ）in most hospitals nurses get low salaries.
Ｄ）compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hours at Beth Israel Hospital
23. A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when_______
Ａ）the present one is refused by the patient
Ｂ）the patient complains about the present one
Ｃ）the present one proves to be ineffective
Ｄ）the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
24. The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former_______
Ａ）is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospital
Ｂ）has to arrange the work shifts of the unit’s nurses
Ｃ）can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patient
Ｄ）hasfull responsibility in the administration of the unit’s nurses.
25. The author’s attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is __________
Ａ） negative Ｂ）neutral Ｃ）critical Ｄ）positive
Passage 5
Beth Israel　医院为患者提供有可能得到的最好的护理。如果我们打算改善护理中的不足，（２５）各地医院的行政 管理 与医生只要努力以Beth Israel　医院为楷模就可以了。
在Beth Israel　医院，每个病人都会被分配一名主要 护士 ，她与病人进行详尽的交谈，并会拟出一份全面的健康报告，涵盖所有病人的病史到其精神状况。然后她会写出一份护理计划，以患者的病症为中心，并包括所有必需的内容。
（２１）（２２）病人的主要护士在其住院期间会与他在一起，对他的进展进行记录，并从医生那里得到进一步的建议。（２３）如果一位在Beth Israel　医院的病人对其治疗手段没有回应的话，他的护士通常会写出另一份提案交给医生。在Beth Israel　医院的主要护士是医生真正意义上的同事。

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