(A) assumes that it is trying to prove

(B) too hastily reaches a general conclusion on the basis of a few examples

(C) equivocates with respect to a central concept

(D) too readily accepts acclaim by appeal to inappropriate authority

(E) ignores the fact that some people are mature at age sixteen

16. Every new play that runs for more than three months is either a commercial or a critical success. Last year, all new plays that were critical successes were also commercial successes. Therefore, every new play that ran for more than three months last year was commercial success.

The pattern of reasoning in which one of the following arguments is most similar to that in the argument above?

(A) Most new restaurants are either good publicity or a good location in order to succeed. But most restaurants with a good location also receive good publicity. Hence, a restaurant that has a good location is guaranteed to succeed.

(B) Every best-selling cookbook published last year is both well written and contains beautiful photographs. The cookbook Cynthia Cleveland published last year is well written and contains beautiful photographs. Therefore, Cleveland' cookbook is a best seller.

(C) All students at the Freeman School of Cooking study either desserts or soups in their second year. This year, all Freeman students studying soups are also studying desserts. Therefore, every second-year students at Freeman is studying desserts this year.

(D) Chefs who become celebrities either open their own restaurants or write books about their craft, but not both. John Endicott is a celebrated chef who opened his own restaurant. Therefore, Endicott does not write books about his craft.

(E) Every catering service in Woodside Township will accept both residential and business catering assignments. Peggy's Fine Foods is a catering service that will not accept business catering assignments. Hence, Peggy's Fine Foods is not in Woodside Townships.

17. Commissioner: I have been incorrectly criticized for having made my decision on the power plant issue prematurely. I based my decision on the report prepared by the neighborhood association and although I have not studied it thoroughly, I am sure that the information it contains is accurate. Moreover, you may recall that when I received input from the neighborhood association on jail relocation, I agreed with its recommendation.

The commissioner's argument is LEAST vulnerable to which one of the following criticism?

(A) It takes for granted that the association's information is not distorted by bias.

(B) It draws a conclusion about the recommendations of the association from incomplete recollections.

(C) It takes or granted that the association's report is the only direct evidence that needed to be considered.

(D) It hastily concludes that the association's report is accurate without having studied it in detail.

(E) It takes for granted that agreeing with the association's past recommendation helps justify agreeing with its current recommendation.

18. Each child in a group of young children read aloud both a short paragraph and a list of randomly ordered words from the paragraph. The more experienced readers among them made fewer pronunciation errors in whichever task they performed second. Whether it was the list or the paragraph. The order in which the two tasks were performed, however, had no effect on the performance of beginning readers, who always made fewer pronunciation errors when reading the paragraph than when reading the list.

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