SECTION II

SECTION II

Time-35 minutes

25 Questions

Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

1. Anita: Since 1960 the spotted owl population has declined alarmingly. Timber companies that have been clearing the old-growth forests where the spotted owl lives are responsible for this.

Jean: No, the spotted owl’s decline is due not to the timber companies but a rival species. For the past three decades, the more prolific barred owl has been moving steadily into the spotted owl habitat and replacing the spotted owl.

Jean does which one of the following in her response to Anita?

(A) denies the truth of Anita’s premise that timber companies have been clearing old-growth forests

(B) challenges Anita’s assumption that the decline in the population of the spotted owl poses a threat to the species’ continued survival.

(C) Proposes an alternative explanation for the decline in the spotted owl population

(D) Argues that Anita’s conclusion is not valid because she has failed to consider the spotted

(E) Suggest that Anita overlooked the possibility that spotted owls are able to live in forests that are old-growth forests.

Question2-3

Veterinnarian: A disease of purebred racehorses that is caused by a genetic defect prevents afflicted horses from racing and can cause paralysis and death. Some horses breeders conclude that because the disease can have such serious consequences, horses with the defect should not be bred. But they are wrong because, in most cases, the severity of the disease can be controlled by diet and medication and the defect also produces horses of extreme beauty that are in great demand in the horse show industry.

2. The point of the veterinaria’s response to the horse breeders is most accurately expressed by which one of the following?

(A) Racehorses that have the genetic defect need not be prevented from racing

(B) There should not be an absolute ban on breeding racehorses that have the genetic defect

(C) Racehorses that are severely afflicted with the disease have not been provided with the proper diet.

(D) The best way to produce racehorses of extreme beauty is to breed horses that have the genetic defect.

(E) There should be no prohibition against breeding racehorses that have any disease that can be controlled by diet and exercise.

3. The verinarian’s argument employs which one of the following techniques?

(A) calling into question the motives of the horse breeders cited

(B) demonstrating that the horse breeders’ conclusion is inconsistent with the evidence advanced to support it

(C) providing evidence that contradicts the horse breeder’s evidence

(D) disputing the accuracy of evidence on which the horse breeder’s argument depends

(E) introducing considerations that of the horse breeders’ argument .

4. Political scientist: The concept of freedom is hopelessly vague. Any definition of freedom will either exclude some acts that intuitively qualify as free or admit some acts that intuitively fall outside the concept. The notion of justice, fairness, and equality are equally indeterminate. This is why political organization should be disavowed as futile.

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