SECTION

Time-35 minutes

26 Questions

Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

1. The painted spiders spins webs that are much stickier than the webs spun by the other species of spiders that share the same habitat. Stickler webs are more efficient at trapping insects that fly into them. Spiders prey on insects by trapping them in their webs therefore. If can be concluded that the painted spider is a more successful predator than its competitors.

Which one of the following if true most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Not all of the species of insects living in the painted spider's habitat are flying insects

(B) Butterflies and moths which can shed scales are especially unlikely to be trapped by spider webs that are not very sticky

(C) Although the painted spider's venom does not kill insects quickly. It paralyzes them almost instantaneously

(D) Stickier webs reflect more light and so are more visible to insects than are less-sticky webs.

(E) The webs spun by the painted spider are no larger than the webs spun by the other species of spiders in the same habitat.

2. Despite the best efforts of astronomers, no one has yet succeeded in exchanging messages with intelligent life on other planets or in other solar systems. In fact, no one has even managed to prove that any kind of extraterrestrial life exists. Thus, there is clearly no intelligent life anywhere but on Earth.

The argument's reasoning is flawed because the argument

(A) fails to consider that there might be extraterrestrial forms of intelligence that are not living beings

(B) confuses an absence of evidence for a hypothesis with the existence of evidence against the hypothesis

(C) interprets a disagreement over a scientific theory as a disproof of that theory

(D) makes an inference that relies on the vagueness of the term "life"

(E) relies on a weak analogy rather than on evidence to draw a conclusion

Questions 3-4

Bart: A mathematical problem that defied solution for hundreds of years has finally yielded to a supercomputer. The process by which the supercomputer derived the result is so complex. However, that no one can fully comprehend it. Consequently, the result is unacceptable. Anne: In scientific research if the results of a test can be replicated in other tests, the results are acceptable even though the way they were derived might not be fully understood. Therefore, if a mathematical result derived by a supercomputer can be reproduced by other supercomputers following the same procedure it is acceptable.

3. Bart's argument requires which one of the following assumptions?

(A) The mathematical result in question is unacceptable because it was derived with the use of a supercomputer

(B) For the mathematical result in question to be someone who can fully comprehend the process by which it was derived.

(C) To be acceptable the mathematical result in question must be reproduced on another supercomputer.

(D) Making the mathematical result in question less complex would guarantee its acceptability.

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