(A) The teaching profession during the baby boom

　　(B) Birth rates in the United States in the 1930's and 1940

　　(C) The impact of the baby boom on public education

　　(D) The role of the family in the 1950's and 1960's

　　14 The word "it" in line 11 refers to

　　(A) 19550

　　(B) economics

　　(C) the baby boom

　　(D) value

　　15 The word "overtaxed" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) well prepared

　　(B) plentifully supplied

　　(C) heavily burdened

　　(D) charged too much

　　16 The public school of the 1950's and 1960's faced all of the following

　　problems EXCEPT

　　(A) a declining number of students

　　(B) old-fashioned facilities

　　(C) a shortage of teachers

　　(D) an inadequate number of school buildings

　　17 According to the passage, why did teachers leave the teaching profession

　　after the outbreak of the war?

　　(A) The needed to be retrained

　　(B) They were dissatisfied with the curriculum.

　　(C) Other jobs provided higher salaries.

　　(D) Teaching positions were scarce.

　　18 The word "inadequate" in line 20 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) deficient

　　(B) expanded

　　(C) innovative

　　(D) specialized

　　19 The "custodial rhetoric" mentioned in line 21 refers to

　　(A) raising a family

　　(B) keeping older individuals in school

　　(C) running an orderly house hold

　　(D) maintaining discipline in the classroom

　　20 The word "inevitably" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) unwillingly

　　(B) impartially

　　(C) irrationally

　　(D) unavoidably

　　21 Where in the passage does the author refer to the attitude of Americans

　　toward raising a family in the 1950's and 1960's?

　　(A) Lines 1-3

　　(B) Lines 11-12

　　(C) Lines 20-21

　　(D) Lines 24-26

　　22 Which of the following best characterizes the organization of the passage?

　　(A) The second paragraph presents the effect of circumstances described in the

　　first paragraph.

　　(B) The second paragraph provides a fictional account to illustrate a problem

　　presented in the first paragraph.

　　(C) The second paragraph argues against a point made in the first paragraph.

　　(D) The second paragraph introduces a problem not mentioned in the first

　　paragraph.

　　Questions 23-32

　　Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote　novels, short stories,poems, or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden year. In　fact, writes responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the　1830's. By the 1850's, the　railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph　Waldo Emerson　and Henry David Thoreau saw the railroad both as a boon to democracy and as an　object of　suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature; furthermore, in　its manifestation　of speed and noise, it might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the　1850's and 1860's, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of　the rapid industrialization of which the　railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry　Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding　traditional values. A distrust of　industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the　nineteenth century and　into the twentieth.　For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays an important　role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One　thinks of melodramas, boys' books,　thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the　railroads' prime years,　between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States , most　of them with　solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about　railroading-works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs.　These writers,　who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the "railroad novel." are now　mostly　forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time　to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of　information about the place of the railroad in the lift　of the United States.　23 With which of the following topics is the passage mainly concerned?

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