18. The word "them" in line 12 refers to
(A) prints
(B) lights rrors . She puts the first objects in place, sets up a camera, then goes back
and forth arranging objects and seeing how they appear in the camera. Eventually she makes
instant color prints to see what the image looks like. At first she works only with objects, concentrating on their composition; then she lights them and adds color from lights covered
with colored filters .

£ £ £  Away from the studio, at architectural sites, the cost of the crew and the equipment rental
means she has to know in advance what she wants to do. She visits each location several
times to make sketches and test shots. Until she brings in the lights, however, she cannot
predict exactly what they will do to the image, so there is some improvising on the spot.

12. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The techniques of a photographer
(B) The advantages of studio photography£ 
(C) Industrial construction sites£ 
(D) An architect who appreciates fine art

13. Which of the following would be an example of one of the "constructions" referred to
in line 1?
(A) A still life arrangement
(B) Natural landscapes
(C) An instant color print
(D) A colored filter

14. In line 2, why does the author mention mirrors?
(A) They are part of the camera.
(B) Kasten uses them as subjects.
(C) The crew needs them.
(D) Photography mirrors life.

15. The word "transform" in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) move
(B) extend
(C) change
(D) interpret

16. It can be inferred from the passage that Kasten makes instant prints to
(A) give away
(B) sell as souvenirs
(C) include as part of the construction
(D) see what the construction looks like at that stage

17. The word "composition" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) arrangement
(B) brightness
(C) quality
(D) size

18. The word "them" in line 12 refers to
(A) prints
(B) lights (C) objects
(D) filters

19. The word "shots" in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) injections
(B) photographs£ 
(C) loud noises
(D) effective remarks

20. The word "they" in line 17 refers to
(A) architectural styles
(B) sketches
(C) colored filters
(D) lights

21. Why does Kasten visit the location of outdoor work before the day of the
actual shooting?
(A) To plan the photograph
(B) To purchase film and equipment
(C) To hire a crew
(D) To test the lights

22. How is Kasten s studio work different from her work at architectural sites ?
(A) She does not use lights outdoors.
(B) Her work outdoors is more unpredictable.
(C) She works alone outdoors.
(D) She makes more money from her work outdoors .

23. Where in the passage does the author suggest that the constructions that Kasten
photographs are life-sized?
(A) Lines2-4
(B) Lines 5-7
(C) Lines 12- 14
(D) Lines 16-I7

Questions 24-33

£ £  The temperature of the Sun is over 5.000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to
perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The Sun is so much hotter than the Earth
that matter can exist only as a gas , except at the core. In the core of the Sun, the pressures are
so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core.
However, no one really knows, since the center of the Sun can never be directly observed.
£ 
£ £ £ Solar astronomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at
the outside and going down into the Sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere , photo-£ 
sphere, convection zone, and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the Sun s
atmosphere. But since the Sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere
ends and the main body of the Sun begins.

£ £  The Sun s outermostlayer begins about 10,000 miles above the visible surface and goes
outward for millions of miles. This is the only part of the Sun that can be seen during an
eclipse such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the corona can he seen only
when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the
Sun s rays.
£ £  The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full Moon. Its
beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The corona s rays flash out in a
brilliant fan that has wispy spikelike rays near the Sun s north and south poles. The corona
is thickest at the Sun s equator .
£ £ 
£ £ £ The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and
reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degrees Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out
as they reach the space around the planets- By the time the Sun s corona rays reach the
Earth, they are weak and invisible.

24. The word "great" in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) dangerous
(B) unknown
(C) variable
(D) strong

25. With what topic is the second paragraph mainly concerned?
(A) How the Sun evolved
(B) The structure of the Sun
(C) Why scientists study the Sun
(D) The distance of the Sun from the planets

26. A1l of the following are Parts of the Sun s atmosphere EXCEPT the
(A) corona
(B) chromosphere
(C) photosphere
(D) core

27.The word "one" in line 13 refers to
(A) the Sun
(B) the corona
(C) an eclipse
(D) the surface

28. The purpose of the special instruments mentioned in line 14 is to
(A) magnify the image of the Sun
(B) block out the Sun s intense light
(C) measure the amount of energy emitted by the Sun
(D) photograph the Sun

29. It can be inferred from the passage that a clear view of the Sun s outer layer is
usually prevented by
(A) the Sun s rays
(B) an eclipse
(C) lack of light
(D) the great distance

30. The word "sensational in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) spectacular
(B) predictable
(C) bizarre
(D) constant