13.The word "intricate" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) regular

　　(B) complex

　　(C) interesting

　　(D) important

　　14.The word "random" in line 12 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) unfortunate

　　(B) unusual

　　(C) unobservable

　　(D) unpredictable

　　15.The word "optimal" in line 13 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) slow

　　(B) frequent

　　(C) best

　　(D) early

　　16.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?

　　(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.

　　(B) The weathers is still warm.

　　(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.

　　(D) Food is still available.

　　17. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by

　　(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers

　　(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time

　　(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to compensate for lost feathers

　　(D) only losing one-third of their feathers

　　18.The word "Others" in line 21 refers to

　　(A) ducks

　　(B) sides

　　(C) species

　　(D) flight feathers

　　19.The author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that

　　(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long

　　(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time

　　(C) keep their innermost feathers

　　(D) shed their outermost feathers first

　　20. It can inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers takes.

　　(A) a year

　　(B) a season

　　(C) several months

　　(D) a few weeks

　　Question 21-30

　　The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920's, marked the twentieth century's first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement combined realism, ethnic consciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans

　　5) of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had included persons of African descent in their paintings as serious studies rather than as trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed,

　　10) and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them. Thus, thought the Harlem Renaissance was a short-lived movement, its impact on American art and culture continues to the present.

　　The district in New York City know as Harlem was the capital of the movement. In 1925 an issue of Survey Graphic magazine devoted exclusively to Harlem and edited

　　15) by philosopher Alain Locke became the manifesto of the African American artistic movement. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration. Far from advocating a withdrawal from American culture, as did some of his contemporaries, Locke recommended a cultural pluralism through which artists could

　　20) enrich the culture of America. African Americans were urged by Locke to be collaborators and participators with other Americans in art, literature, and music; and at the same time to preserve, enhance, and promote their own cultural heritage.

　　Artists and intellectuals from many parts of the United States and the Caribbean had Been attracted to Harlem by the pulse and beat of its unique and dynamic culture. From

　　25) this unity created by the convergence of artists from various social and geographical backgrounds came a new spirit, which, particularly in densely populated Harlem, was to result in greater group awareness and self-determination. African American graphic artists took their place beside the poets and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and carried on efforts to increase and promote the visual arts.

　　21.What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) African American paintings in the 1920's

　　(B) An arts movement of the 1920's

　　(C) The influence of Alain Locke on African American art

　　(D) Some ways in which African culture inspired American literature, art and music

　　22. According to the passage, Tomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks were important because of

　　(A) the philosophical contributions they made to the Harlem Renaissance

　　(B) their development of a new style of African American art

　　(C) they way in which they depicted African Americans in their paintings

　　(D) their independence from European artistic traditions

　　23. The word "them" in line 11 refers to

　　(A) Americans of European descent

　　(B) paintings

　　(C) African American artists

　　(D) attitudes

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