28.The phrase "first rank" in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) largest category
(B) highest quality
(C) earliest writers
(D) most difficult language
29.The word "them" in line 25 refers to
(A) novels
(B) years
(C) individuals
(D) works
30.The author mentions all of the following as being true about the literature of railroad EXCEPT that
(A) many of its writers had experience working on railroads.
(B) many of the books were set in railroad stations and yards
(C) the books were well known during the railroads’ prime years.
(D) quite a few of the books are still popular today.
31.The words "faded form" in line 30 are closest in meaning to
(A) grew in
(B) disappeared from
(C) remained in
(D) developed from
32.What is the author’s attitude toward the "railroad novels" and other books about railroads written between 1890 and 1920?
(A) They have as much literary importance as the books written by Emerson, Thoreau, and Adams.
(B) They are good examples of the effects industry and business had on the literature of the United States.
(C) They contributed to the weakening of traditional values.
(D) They are worth reading as sources of knowledge about the impact of railroad on life in the United States.
Questions 33-44
By the 1820’s in the United States, when steamboats
were common on western waters, these boats were mostly
powered by engines built in the West (Pittsburgh, Cincinnati,
or Louisville), and of a distinctive western design specially
suited to western needs. The first steam engines in practical
use in England and the United States were of low pressure
design. This was the type first developed by James Watt, then
manufactured by the firm of Boulton and Watt, and long the
standard industrial engine. Steam was accumulated in a large,
double-acting vertical cylinder, but the steam reached only a
few pounds of pressure per square inch. It was low-pressure
engines of this type that were first introduced into the United
States by Robert Fulton. He imported such a Boulton and
Watt engine from England to run the Clermont. But this type
of engine was expensive and complicated, requiring many
precision-fitted moving parts.