To maintain the cave system, the elements of fire under
ice must remain in equilibrium. Enough snow must fill the
crater each year to replace that melted from below. If too
much volcanic heat is discharged, the crater’s ice pack will
melt away entirely and the caves will vanish along with the
snow of yesteryear. If too little heat is produced, the ice,
replenished annually by winter snowstorms, will expand, pushing
against the enclosing crater walls and smothering the present
caverns in solid firn ice.
45.With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
(A) The importance of snowfall for Mount Rainier.
(B) The steam caves of Mount Rainier.
(C) how ice covers are destroyed.
(D) The eruption of Mount Saint Helens in 1980.
46.The word "they" in line 2 refers to
(A) fields
(B) intervals
(C) eruptions
(D) enemies
47.According to the passage long periods of volcanic inactivity can lead to a volcanic cone’s
(A) strongest eruption
(B) sudden growth
(C) destruction
(D) unpredictability
48.The second paragraph mentions all of the following as necessary elements in the creation of steam caves EXCEPT
(A) a glacier
(B) a crater
(C) heat
(D) snow
49.According to the passage, heat from Mount Rainier’s summit craters rises from
(A) crystalline ice
(B) firns
(C) chambers
(D) fumaroles
50.In line 37 "smothering" the caverns means that they would be
(A) eliminated
(B) enlarged
(C) prevented
(D) hollowed