B.supply exceeds demand
C.Demand doesn't exceed supply
D.supply equals demand


30¡¢£¨Í¬26Ì⣩Budgeting helps

A.one to make his income meet the cost of living.
B.the government to battle the rising cost of living.
C.merchants to produce more goods.
D.the workers to earn more money.


31¡¢µÚÈýƪ British Trade UnionsWhy is the question of trade union power important in Britain? An industrial society, especially one as centralised and concentrated as t hat of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services, for instance , electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbours. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance servi ces, and, as the ***nomy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole ***nomic system is I n danger. It is this interdependency of the ***nomic system which makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to c ut off many countries' ***nomic blood supply. This can happen more easily in Bri tain than in some other countries, in part because the labour force is highly or ganised. About 55 per cent of British workers belong to unions, compared to unde r a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to develop along trad e and occupational lines, rather than on an industryª²byª²industry basis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement of procedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve. There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, s ome of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions h ave lost many members because of industrial changes. Others are involved in argu ments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trade s are separate from general unions, which means that different levels of wages f or certain jobs are often a source of bad feeling between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, union s can fight for their members' disappearing jobs to the point where the jobs of other unions' members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers bo th in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on to their traditional highlyª²paid jobs. Trade unions have problems of internal communication just as managers in c ompanies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or in those which brin g workers in very different industries together into a single general union. Som e trade union officials have to be reelected regularly: others are elected, or e ven appointed, for life. Trade union officials have to work with a system of ¡°s hop stewards" in many unions, ¡°shop stewards" are workers elected by other worke rs as their representatives at factory or works level.

A.The ***nomy is very interdependent.
B.Unions have been established a long time.
C.There are more unions in Britain than elsewhere.
D.There are few essential services.


32¡¢£¨Í¬31Ì⣩Why is it difficult to improve the procedures for fixing wage levels?

A.Some industries have no unions.
B.Unions are not organised according to industries.
C.Only 55 per cent of workers belong to unions.
D.Some unions are too powerful.


33¡¢£¨Í¬31Ì⣩Because of their outª²ofª²date organization some unions find it difficult to

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